
Q: What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?
A: Speech / religion / assembly / press / petition the government
The Establishment Clause:
"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion..."
Prohibits the government from establishing an official religion
Prevents government from favoring one religion over another
The Free Exercise Clause:
"...or prohibiting the free exercise thereof"
Guarantees Americans the right to practice any religion or no religion
Q: What is the official religion of the United States?
A: There is none — the US has no official religion
Key Supreme Court cases:
Engel v. Vitale (1962) — School-sponsored prayer unconstitutional
Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971) — Established the "Lemon Test" for church-state separation
Why the Founders cared: Many early settlers fled religious persecution in Europe. The Founders wanted to prevent the state from controlling religion and religion from controlling the state.
Reference:
TaskLoco™ — The Sticky Note GOAT